ChainIDE#19 零知识证明方案的新突破：zksync 2.0
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ChainIDE#19 零知识证明方案的新突破：zksync 2.0
目前，Optimism和Arbitrum凭借其低gas、安全性好、用户体验佳的优势在一众Layer2解决方案中获得多数用户的青睐，而ZK rollup方案虽然安全性更高、退出期更短，但由于采用了零知识证明技术，且不支持EVM，因而此前一直被看成是潜力股。
10月13日，以太坊Layer 2网络开发商Matter Labs宣布推出首个迁移的zksync 2.0测试应用UniSync，这意味着zkEVM已经实现对Solidity的完全兼容，现有的以太坊应用将可以无缝迁移至zksync 2.0二层网络。
什么是zkEVM？
zkEVM 是一种以兼容零知识证明计算的方式执行智能合约的虚拟机，这是构建与 EVM 兼容的ZK rollup二层网络的关键，同时能够保留经实战测试的代码及相关知识。zkEVM 保留了 EVM 语义，但它对ZK也是友好的，它还采用了传统的 CPU 架构。
zkEVM 的推出代表了加密技术的一个重要转折点，在过去的一年里，整个零知识证明生态系统的发展已超出了很多专家的预期，现在Solidity 程序员可以访问零知识证明的无与伦比的扩展性、安全性和 UX 优势。那么这意味着，zksync 2.0支持智能合约，也将大大降低开发者的开发成本，同时用户还能享受到ZK Rollup技术带来的扩展优势。
与Optimism和Arbitrum相比，zksync 2.0具体有哪些优势呢？
1）安全性更高：ZK rollup消除了对观察者的依赖，用密码学安全取代了博弈论的经济安全，用户信任的是纯数学，而不是去激励参与者。
2）更高的资本效率：在OR方案中，任何资产的提取都需要很长时间（最佳情况：1周），这是一个安全参数，缩短它会对安全性产生影响，而ZK rollup的等待时间是非常短的。目前有一些跨链桥可以帮助OR解决提款问题，但仍无法实现大规模的转账，因为流动性提供者（LP）不太可能让那么多资金闲置。
3）NFT用户体验会更佳：在OR方案中，NFT的提取不能加快（LP解决方案不适用，因为NFT是唯一的），因此，要提取NFT，OR用户实际上必须要等待1周或更长的时间。
4）交易成本更低：ZK Rollup对于大多数流行的加密用例来说更便宜，因为它需要在链上发布的数据量最少（没有签名和交易参数）。此外，ZKSync 2.0将有一个名为zkPorter的扩展，它通过将数据移出区块链以提供1-3美分的固定交易费用。
讨论
1.谈谈你对扩容方案的了解
2.你认为zksync 2.0有哪些缺点呢？
阅读参考
1.Matter Labs 将 Uniswap V2 智能合约和前端迁移至 zkSync 2.0 测试网
2.zkEVM实现完全兼容Solidity，zksync 2.0要来了？
欢迎大家加入我们的话题讨论会参与讨论~
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